What theory do you believe best explains why Organized Crime has Essay

What theory do you believe best explains why Organized Crime has flourished and why Please be very specific - Essay Example In addition to this statement, he also stated that a certain criminal activity is undertaken by any human being after making a rational decision or in simple terms, the benefits and drawbacks of the decision is highlighted before actually committing the criminal act by the person. The theory of choice explains that a criminal takes part in any negative act by judging the advantages and disadvantages of the crime and if the benefits are higher in any regard from the drawbacks then the criminal idea will actually transforms into reality by becoming the part of it (Walker, 2007, p.117). For instance: if the criminal considers that the criminal rules and justice system is not strong and related authorities are not highly concerned about the crime then ultimately he concludes that he will not get the exemplary punishment even after committing the most abhorrent crime. This thought will make him perform the negative acts in actual. Similar is the case with abductors and they use the same c hoice theory. For instance: According to abductors, the only major risk involved in kidnapping is of being caught that can be minimized by threatening the family of the abducted individual not to inform the criminal justice authorities or else they will kill the kidnapped

Post Colonial World Essay Example for Free

Post Colonial World Essay Colonialism has been a large factor in the development of the world, particularly in the past three centuries, from the 18th to the 20th century. Colonialism has been so important because it was so widespread. With large historical empires like those of Great Britain and France reaching out and colonizing nations from India to the continent of Africa in hopes of being able to gain access to the natural resources found there, colonialism was to effect almost every nation in one way or another. While colonialism did open up the world to greater trade and disbursement of many aspects of another culture to Europeans and, eventually, to Americans, the colonizing of these countries created difficulties and problems in the colonized nations. The fact is that the post-colonial world is nothing but a product of the colonial period and colonialism creates a whole new set of problems that do not go away even after the colonizing nation has pulled out; in fact, more problems develop.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Colonialism was a major aspect of modern world history as it really did transform the world. The remnants of this can still be felt today. In Africa, many African nations have French or English as their official language, as in the Ivory Coast or South Africa, because of the lasting effects of colonialism. In England, remnants of their colonialism of India are still felt in things as small as a love of Indian cooking, and in India the memories of children being forced to learn at English schools are still remembered. The lasting effects go much deeper, however, than simpler a transference of a nation’s vibrant culture, or the adoption of an official language. Post-colonialism, in its essence, is the philosophy that many problems arise from colonizing a nation, not the least of which is the loss of a national identity and, perhaps even more unsettling, is the fact that when a empiric power pulls out of a colonized nation, leaving them alone to fight for themselves and create their own way, sometimes centuries after overtaking them, the colonized nation is lost and goes through a period of war and infighting to try and find their place in the world as their own nation, and not a puppet nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The many wars, uprising, and political instabilities found in post-colonial nations like India and many countries in Africa are directly related to the Colonial period. An example of this can be found in South Africa where long after the British had colonized the country the remnants of their civilization was left behind. Apartheid, in its ugliest form, was left behind and the way that the white people in South Africa treated the black people in their own homeland has been widely publicized, interpreted and studied in historical studies. Even today some tensions exist in South Africa and they are still trying to maintain their own national identity in the light of post-colonialism. This can be seen in nations around the world who have been colonized.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The colonial period was a time of large powerful empires and nations that did not have the means or the military might to defend themselves from being colonized. The countries that were colonized during this period faced problems that they had never faced before, including a lack of a national identity and having to deal with the fall out when their colonizing power pulled out. Much of the difficulties of the post-colonial period trace their roots back to the colonial period and most particularly to the ruling nation that took over their nation and changed their way of life.

The Importance Of Smartphones

The Importance Of Smartphones The first ever cell phone was invented by Martin Cooper on April 3rd, 1973, that was only for two pounds. The height of that phone was 10 inches, depth 3 inches and the width an inch and a half (Motorcity, 2003). At that time it was the only way to communicate with each other. And at that time it was not available to the general population and it was used for the first time only businesses and government. In 1992, the first Smartphone invented by IBM, known as a Simon Smartphone. This was a big breakthrough in the field of technology and for the requirements of people. Because people want to connect with each other with in a small period of time. It becomes possible to send messages and sending email to each other with the help of Smartphone. To understand that one technological device could change culture of customer, style of living and the whole society. After the invention of Smartphone a sudden change came into being in the human life and finds the way to go ahead in the field of technology. It is not possible to find anyone without smart phone. The smart phone is very essential device because of this you can talk to your clients, family members and colleagues. In other words a smart phone is also known as Personal Computer (PC) with advanced capabilities and functionality. The Importance of Smartphone When discussing the topic of new media the importance of networks are very essential. With the help of networks the whole world is connected with each other. And this is the easiest way to connect with your family members, friends and clients. When someone is going to purchase a cell phone he will think about the service of his area, the size of the phone, about the price of the phone then you have to make a decision to purchase a phone. If consumer purchases a smartphone he will be very happy with the functions of smartphone than any other in the market. IT professionals are tasked with developing more applications for smartphones as worldwide consumption continues to grow in 2010 and beyond. When technology professionals design web-based and computer-based applications, they should consider compatibility with smartphones and other mobile devices. Many webmasters already create web content with mobile users in mind. For example, the Internet giant Yahoo! offers a Mobile Web for phones like the Blackberry and iPhone. Role of Social Media Social media is playing a vital role in the success of martphones, because of social media its possible to share data, videos, pictures, and other tasks. Facebook, Twitter and MySpace are the example of social media. Social media and smartphones means to connect more and more people online even on mobile. Operating System of Smartphone In 2010 the market of smartphone operating system changed. For customer and businessmen the impoetance of smartphone is very essential. Because without smartphone its not possible to keep in cotact with each other, with clients and with family members and friends. Key features of Smartphone: Wi-Fi With the help of this feature you can connect wireless internet connection. Using Wi-Fi the speed of internet will be very high. Push Notification By push notification we mean that you can receive messages, emails and you do not need to log in to check your account. Social Networking Social Networking means those websites such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter by which we can communicate with each other individually and as well as groups and also can share photos, videos and album. QWERTY Keyboard QWERTY keyboard is the layout and this keyboard allows you to search and browse the internet and send emails and text. One may see a smartphone as one that offers a complete keyboard with internet and email functionality, and some may only view a smart phone as a phone with a full operating system (OS) and applications. A smartphone is a full-featured mobile phone that comes equipped with the personal computer like functionality. So it is the most efficient way of being mobile and carrying your office with you. Most of these phonescome with a camera that supports email capabilities and serves as a complete personal organizer. This is true that the smartphones are the helping hand of the several businessmens. Because of the technological features of mobile phones these are called smart phone. In these days smartphone is a basic demand of every businessman and company. By latest technology it includes to share his idea with their partners and colleagues. With the help of smart phone we can watch live match if you are somewhere else it does not matter, breaking news. We can get help from smart phone like human bodies. In next five years change will take place suddenly in smartphones. If we study last few years about phones we will understand that how quickly changes occurred from time to time, therefore in next few years the improvement in technology will take place. PC Replacements The basic change in smartphones in next few years will occur that it starts working like laptops. It means that in future those people who have smartphones they do not need to buy laptops and personal computers. So smartphones will replace PC in next five years. Joined Devices After long time finally its become possible to connect devices with each other like bluetooth in PC and in laptop can connect with smart phones. In next few years it will be possible to know about you that now where are you and what do you want to do because of smart phones. Smart phones will become a single device in next few years yes it is true because the smart phones are moving in a straight forward direction. There are alot of confusion because of the variety of mobiles phone and competency. If you want to have a great mobile than smartphone is the best choice among all. Smartphone is much better than any other mobile phone. If you have smartphone you can move your office with where you want so than you do not need to buy personal computer or laptop because in smartphone there is an operating system like personal computer and laptop, so nowadays most of smartphones are with their camera. Top ten Smartphone iPhone 3GS The iPhone 3GS continues to bring together three incredible products in one A revolutionary phone, a widescreen iPod and a breakthrough Internet device with full web browsing and easy e-mail access. HTC Desire HTC have yet again outdone themselves with another superb smartphone, this time in the form of the HTC Desire! Powered by a monstrous 1GHz Snapdragon processor and displayed through a stunning AMOLED 3.7 inch full touchscreen. Samsung Wave The Samsung Wave mobile phone allows for a brighter, clearer and less reflective view with the Super AMOLED 3.3 inch wide display touchscreen. BlackBerry 9700 The BlackBerry 9700 is jam-packed with all the very best Blackberry features including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, HSDPA, full QWERTY keyboard, 3G technology and Push e-mail! BlackBerry 8520 Smart, sleek and classy the Blackberry 8520 Curve is here to entertain, organise and communicate. Sony Ericsson Xperia X10 The first Android mobile phone from Sony Ericsson, the Xperia X10, has a stunning 4 inch touchscreen, 1GHz Snapdragon processor and truly next generation features, such as Timescape and Mediascape. Sony EricssonVivaz The Sony Ericsson Vivaz mobile phone is here to deliver high performance, responsive touch control, multimedia, entertainment and connectivity, just how you want it. Memory Cards You can greatly improve the memory of your Smartphone by purchasing a memory card. This allows you to save and store more applications, music, photos, videos and more. Your Smartphone can become a multimedia entertainment centre! The best thing is, you can pick the size (or capacity) of the memory card to suit your needs or budget! Nearly all Smartphones are compatible with MicroSD memory cards and our memory cards range from 2GB to 8GB. Screen Protectors Protect the most expensive part of your smartphone the display, with a screen protector. This essential purchase is cheap but crucial and will greatly improve the protection from chips and scratches on your Smartphones screen. Screen protectors are extremely easy to attach to your Smartphones, and once fixed in place, are virtually unnoticeable. Bluetooth Headsets With a Bluetooth headset you can make and take calls on the move, wherever you are and keep your hands free! Using the Bluetooth connection on your Smartphone, a Bluetooth headset will allow you to talk without needing to hold your phone. This means your Smartphone can be safely stored in your laptop, purse, bag or pocket! Summary Smartphones are playing very vital role in the world. Without smartphines it is not possible to connect with each other even with members of the same organisation. So it is very clear if you have smartphone then it does not matter you can contact with relatives, friends, clients. And you can move your office any where in the world. As discussed above that smartphones have operating system so then you do not need to buy personal computer and laptop. Because the smartphone gives you that work which personal computer and laptop do. In next five years amazing change will occure in smartphones by the improvement of technology. Smartphone will replace personal computer because it has the complete keyboard and many other functions which personal computer has. So it is true that within the next few years smartphones will become the single most important digital device we own. Role of E-commerce in Ebays and Amazons popularity E-commerce is playing very vital role in the popularity of ebay and amazon. Because it is only possible to buy goods online from ebay and amazon. Without electronic commerce its not possible for ebay and amazon to reach at this top level. By the help of e-commerce everyone can buy things online without any problem. So it means that without e-commerce ebay and amazon can not acheive the goals and objectives. E-commerce or electronic commerce means purchasing and selling of goods and services and exchanges on the Internet. On Internet with a big success of ecommerce commonly we can say that it is shopping at World Wide Web. Simply we can say that when we do online shopping it is called ecommerce. Types of E-commerce B2B (Business-to-Business) Business-to-Business means that when company dealing with each other like wholesalers selling to retailers, and manufacturers selling to distributors. In this kind of business customer or client will not be included. B2C (Business-to-Consumer) In this kind of businesses selling is directly to consumer through cart software. C2B (Consumer-to-Business) In C2B business a consumer put his project online and then different organisation study the consumers needs and then try to get that project. And then consumer selects the company that can do the project. C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer) C2C business means that everyone is free to buy and sell from each other by online payment system. Like Amazone and eBay is alive examples of C2C business where alot of transaction take place everyday. Role of 2.0 technologies in Ebays and Amazons popularity Web 2.0 was introduced in 2004 and know as the second generation of the World Wide Web. It does not relate to a particular type of Web. Examples of 2.0 are listed below: Blogs: Blogs means that users can post and upgrade their profile of life on the Web. Wikis: It enables the users from the whole world to update and add online content. Social networking: MySpace and Facebook are the present examples by which people can interact with their friends and update their own profile. Web application: By the help of variety of new applications users can run programs directly in a browser. 1. Making money Of course. Since the first data-scraping and sniping tools well, wait, make that since eBay first opened its APIs to developers, the eBay development ecosystem has grown with the volume of eBay transactions. eBay sellers sold $60B last year, and the 80,000 developers who helped sellers research, list, and service all those transactions also received their cut. 2. Useful technology eBay has some of the greatest technology and data assets on the web. The technology of eBay and PayPal is useful on a massive scale. PayPal has 70 million users. eBay sees 150 million unique visitors per month, and supports 70 million sellers worldwide. The developer community that provides applications for eBay sellers and buyers uses the eBay APIs to drive as much as 60% of eBay transactions. 3. Accessible technology Mark emphasized the importance of mobile applications.The eBay iPhone application is a strong start. It is clear that he believes eBay should make a powerful effort to enable mobile usage. eBay and its third-party developers still need to make some breakthroughs to enable accessibility. 4. Technology adapted to you Today, your cell phone is a communications device, an entertainment center, a mall, and a social network. Tomorrow, it may also be your wallet. Already you can instantly repay a loan to a friend who has a PayPal account. Soon, In-N-Out Burgers may accept PayPal, and you will be able to pay for your burgers at the counter from your cell phone. PayPal is uniquely adaptable for this kind of use, because it is a single global payment network, with end-to-end transaction visibility, good risk protection and fraud detection, integrated with more than 15k banks. PayPal unifies the worlds disparate money systems to enable payments anywhere. The big news in adaptable technology is that the PayPal Developer Program is opening up later in 2009. Third-party developers will use flexible APIs for sending money to create mobile payments applications that will change the way people pay for things. 5. Open platform eBay released a new developer opportunity today.SM Apps lets developers embed seller applications in ebay.com, just as you can embed applications in Facebook. The difference is that with SM Apps developers can make money, charging a one-time fee or using a subscription model for use of their application. Because the SM Apps platform uses the Gadgets specification, applications built for eBay can also operate elsewhere on the web, including on other portal pages. The Selling Manager tool has 270,000 active, paying businesses operating in the U.S. alone. As Mark said, While other platforms are trying to figure out monetization we are set up for you [the developer] to take a cut, and we hope you will. Summary E-commerce and Web 2.0 technologies are the way of popularity of ebay and amazon. Everyone in the world knows about the role of e-commerce and amazon. So in this essay the importance of e-commerce and amazon are discussed in brief. Ebays and amazons popularities are connected with e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies. So it is not possible without e-commerce and web 2.0 technologies that ebay and amazon get popularity. Everyday there are alot of buying and purchasing occurred in daily life and these transaction are increasing day by day, by this we can say that these two are the key factors in the popularity of ebay and amazon.

Standardized Testing Essay examples -- Standardized Testing Essays

Standardized testing is used practically worldwide for all sorts of various criterion. A standardized test could be used for getting into a top of the line college, or to see if you meet the requirements for a job. Such tests include the well known ACTs and SATs. There are many different ways that standardized tests can be graded. Norm-Referenced, and Criterion-Referenced forms of grading are just a couple of the types of tests. Tests can also be easily misused and are often protested.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Often times in order to persue a certain career, before you are employed it is necessary to see how you rate in comparison to the company?s standards. If you were to, for instance, become a pizza maker for Pizza Hut, they may give you a test in order to make sure that you make the pizza according to their standards. In order to be a successful business and keep customers coming back for more, there has to be an order to the way all things are processed. If a customer were to come in one day and get a large pepperoni pizza, and there was a certain number of pepperonis on the pizza, they will expect that to be the same every time. The number of pepperonis on a pizza is a standard number. Standard meaning a degree or level of requirement, excellence, or attainment (www.Dictionary.com). The company may show you how to make all the types of pizza to the standards that they have preset, then have you make the pizzas they have shown you the same way. If the standard is eighty pepperonis on a large pizza, then you will be required to put eighty pepperonis on the pizza. If the standard amount of sauce used on the pizza is one ladle full, then you would use one ladle full of sauce. Standards are set in stone until later possible being re-evaluated and changed. Until such an event happens however, standards will stay the same.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If on a test, you are asked to add two and two together. The answer you attain is always going to be four, because that is the set standard. Two plus two does not equal five simply because standards say it does not. Standards are used so that everything stays in order. ?Academic standards are clear written expectations of what every child should know and be able to do at specific grade levels. In Wisconsin, the standards were written for English/Language Arts, Math. Social... ...g and test preparation is skyrocketing. Lots of people feel that tests are biased towards those of different races and incomes. There have been many walkouts and even sites completely dedicated to ending testing. One of those sites is www.NoMoreTests.com. On their site you will find examples of walkouts and reasons why to stop standardized testing. You can even print out fliers and get free anti-test bumperstickers. (Examples of walkouts and other information on reasons why to oppose standardized testing, can be found in the NoMoreTests packet.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The battle between whether standardized testing is necessary or not will more than likely continue for many years to come. There continues to be groups both supporting tests and groups trying to bring a stop to testing altogether. With more and more schools basing graduation on standardized test scores, and the never ending controversy on bias in testing, the battle continues. The money spent for preparation and the stress many students receive is undeniably growing and it is not known where this situation will be in the years to come.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Reflective Account Essay

This seemed to keep his mind off worrying about were his wife or daughter was and stopped him from wanting to walk about the ward. After a while the patient asked if he could lie down for a while, and I explained that this was ok. I lowered the bed for the patient as low as it would go, to prevent the patient from falling or injuring himself while climbing into the bed. By doing this I was following the guidelines set out by the health and safety at work act 1972 and carrying out risk assessments to prevent harm to myself or others. Once the patient had got into the bed safely I put the bed side up to prevent him from falling out while he was sleeping, I then gave him his buzzer. Before leaving the room I asked the patient if he would like the room door left open or closed over, by doing this I was promoting the patients right to choice and individuality. I then left the room and closed the door as the patient had requested, and told the staff nurse in charge of him, that he was now sleeping, and that I had emptied his catheter bag and updated the fluid balance chart. I had to tell the staff nurse that I had left the room, so that if anything happened they knew that I was not there, as I would be accountable for it. Being accountable for my actions is one of the NMC code of conduct and is in line with professional accountability. I think that this task was very fulfilling as I was able to help other staff around me, as well as keep a patient calm. I enjoyed talking to the patient and found it very interesting. It also allowed me to practice keeping patient’s charts up to date. References

Project Management The WritePass Journal

Project Management Introduction Project Management , pp. 1016). At such crucial time, the importance of adding uniqueness, complexity and constraints adds to the success of the IT project. It is also of key concern to address the issues of limited resources and manage cost control. In Health IT system, the project team requires the contact and access with consultants of IT solutions. The team also requires interacting with the key management in order to take approvals from them in implementing the important decisions of the project. The team also works with specialized resources to assess the feasibility of the project (Wager et.al 2009, pp. 412). For all these mentioned reasons, it is necessary that facility manager is well aware of the project phases. This ensures the best quality of services and lowest possible costs that the company needs to pay. Phases The project management of any sort is defined as a set of different activities. All these phases are combined to form a Project Life Cycle. The IT implementation project in health care is also a similar phases set that comprises of different phases. These phases form the operations of the project that become continuous business activities with time. As a facility manager, my role can be defined from the management perspective. The facility manager should ensure that the project team is receiving all the required resources. The phases of the project management can be defined as acronym C-D-E-F (Coplan Masuda 2011, pp. 154). There are four main phases that are known as Conceptual Phase, Design Phase, Execution Phase and Finishing Phase. In the first phase of project management, there is idea generation step. The project starts from this phase and it includes a feasible study. The purpose of the project is also defined in this phase. The project of IT implementation in Health Company primarily evaluated and assesses the need that generated this idea. It also related the problems due to the absence of IT to the strategic objectives of the company. The second phase is the Development Phase. It is the duty of the project team to plan, design and critically assess the concept of the IT project. Key members are identified and appointed in this phase. The activities that are to be conducted in this phase are setting project scope, identifying the resources and financial budget and planning a timeline. In Execution Phase, the company will be carrying out activities like the actual implementation of the project. This phase is also marked by control and monitoring activities. For this purpose, company will be involved in detailed documentation process. It will also organize and control activities in such way that they appreciate the objectives of the project (Didraga 2012, pp. 1019). The last phase is the Finishing Phase. For the purpose of ensuring the workability of the project, it is tested and commissioned. After that, the project will be closed out and shifted to the main stakeholders. The activities that form this phase of the Health IT project are finalizing all the contracts, transferring the responsibility to the project bearer and the stakeholders. The stakeholders also include the end users of the project for whom project was initiated. It is of note to review all details, feedback and evaluation reports at the end of this phase (Obradovic et.al 2012, pp. 2106). Characteristics The main characteristics of project management life cycle that can be related with the project in the discussion are: Assessing the concentration factors that form the cost and staff. The concentration of this project is low in the start and increases as the project approaching end phase. Project management lifecycle will help the company in adding value the outcomes of the project. The chances of success of the project increase as the phases increase. At the start of this project, risk is highest due to non-availability of many resources and activities (Mattern Scott 2011, pp. 620). The costs can be maintained as the project moves forward. This is because more errors are identifiable with the passage of time. Key decisions can be re-evaluated that lead to potential savings from changes. The potential to achieve lesser costs are highest in the first phase and gradually decrease with time. The characteristics of project can also be affected by the stakeholders involved in the project. The risks and uncertainties involved with the project are highest in the initial phases. These threats then reduce with time. Information generated during the first two phases is of  the vital importance. Similar information is used at later stages of project management life cycle (Coplan Masuda 2011, pp. 174). Benefits The benefits of this project are multi-fold. The successful completion of this project will increase the production rate (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 434). This project will help in clearly redefining the roles and requirements of the health care providers. Successful implementation will increase the rate of communication facilities between the stakeholders (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 434). This project’s completion will improve the coordination and efficiency of processes involved in maintaining the health records (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 434). A clear source of communication will be established between company itself, and the project team (Rosenhead 2012). By standardizing the methodologies of health information, better training can be designed that will lead to clear expectations (Rosenhead 2012). Key stakeholders Their Needs Key stakeholders are personnel within the board or committee who are going to be the most influential to the project (Shirley 2011, p. 41). It is essential that every key stakeholders understand, agree and remain apprised of the project. Reporting guidelines are essential during a project in order to meet the stakeholders needs (Shirley 2011, p. 102). This fact requires a functioning communication plan throughout the entire project. By focusing on the needs of thekey stakeholders, value is added to the project (Bigelow 2004, pp. 24). Successful implementation of Health IT services requires the stakeholder’s assessment during the project in order to ensure adequate implementation. The primary care takers like physicians, medical assistance staff and support staff should actively participate in the project management life cycle to assist in the design of the projects ability to meet the intended needs (Bigelow 2004, pp. 24).   The inclusion of the staff is essential for long t erm alleviation of potential obstacles (Shirley 2011, p. 102). Key stakeholders of this project are: Senior management of the company. The management needs the system in order to mark their competitive advantage over the rivals. This goal is achieved by implementing a significant clinical system. The management is also concerned with the cost and resources issues in making project a reality, reflecting the concerns of the top tier of many businesses (Shirley 2011, p. 195). Providers of Health Care. The needs of providers for this system are to manage the workflow and all information of the clinical records. This segment of stakeholders is the principal end user of the system. Thus, the needs of this segment should be well implemented in the project from the start (Navalta 2012, pp. 2). The Nursing staff. This segment will also need the system, designated among the primary beneficiaries. They need the system to achieve time savings in clinical applications. They can access the information quickly and can use the information to form the solid basis of their findings. The addition of instruments that allow the access to comprehensive medical record will help the nursing staff in managing the workflow (Shirley 2011, p. 91). Clinic managers. This segment will need the IT system to manage day to day clinical operations. This component to lead to a more efficient management approach (Shirley 2011, p. 91), which in turn can lead to quality improvement initiatives. Billing and administrative staff need such system in order to implement practice management system. Through this system, the staff can have more grasp on the medical billing activities (Obradovic et.al 2012, pp. 2110). Project Plan Objectives Objectives serve to identify both the technical and business goals associated with the project (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 224). The primary objective of this project aims to implement a complex cross functional initiative in the health system. A Secondary objective will be the establishment of an enhanced training method that enables better performance of related on the job duty. Milestones Milestones serve as review and synchronization points, allowing the team to successfully track the implementation pattern of the project (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 128): Definition of purpose and application of a feasibility study. Identification of financial and personnel resources. This is the development stage Execution, Testing and Commissioning. Final closeout and shift to the stakeholders. Individual contributions Individual contributions make up the various elements that come together to comprise an entire project (Kerzner and Kerzner 2004, p. 234): Management supplies ideas and inception points. The project team plans, designs and critically assesses the project. Main stream company facilities are utilized to produce documentation in support of the project. The project bearer finalizes installation and oversees the project. Stakeholders supply the needed financial resources for the project. Implementation of Methods of Monitoring Project Progress Monitoring and the control of the project during the various stages coupled with taking the correct action in the case of deviations is a necessary component of oversight in any project (Schwalbe 2000, p. 111).   This area involves the integration of the nine arenas of necessary project management knowledge areas: Project integration management allows for the monitoring of the project through the performance of integrated change. This area will allow for the appearance of updates and changes. Project scope implies the need for oversight to continually verify the scope of the project. This is accomplished with accepted deliverables, the application of change request and continual updates to the project documentation. Control scope will continually measure work performance in order to update the organizational process. Project Time management will control the schedule and plan updates and change requests. Cost management will utilize the work performance measurements to create effective budgets that incorporate the changes and updates of the project. Quality Management will validate deliverables, assets and updates. Communication Management will report performance and produce reports on assets and updates. Risk management will continually reassess the risk register updates in order to minimize the appearance of hazards. Procurement managers will ensure that documentation and assets are correct according to the project updates. Every element of this monitoring system is essential to assisting a developing project remains on track (Schwalbe 2000, p. 112). The need of communication among all project members is of key importance (Wager et.al 2009, pp. 334). The project management team should make certain that the correct equipment in place to complete the project. It is of primary importance that the entire team clarifies and understands the details of the project (Bigelow 2004, pp. 25). The steps in implementing the project successfully can be outlined as: Describing the goals and objectives of the project Formulating the desired and possible timeline Setting a forecasted budget Detailed workout on the project team member’s identification and task assignment Methods that will lead to project completion Risks and uncertainties that can be came across in any phase (Bigelow 2004, pp. 25). It is important for the project leaders to manage the projects progress and efficiency (Schwalbe 2000, p. 112). The hands on oversight will provide the personnel with the continual updates necessary to adequately conduct the various elements of the project. Additionally, the close contact with project allows a very useful talent in identifying the additional required resources (Schwalbe 2000, p. 112). A secondary benefit of this approach is that it also enables the project team to find out if resources can be shifted or re-allocated to gain efficiency. Thus, performance management and quality control are primary components of any effective plan. Control and monitoring can also be achieved by documenting project information (Navalta 2012, p. 3). This method maintains the record of goals and agenda of the project according to need of stakeholders. There are many techniques and tools that can help in monitoring and controlling on-going project processes (Navalta 2012, p. 3). Pulse meetings are an effective way of ensuring compliance and monitoring. These meetings allow the project management team to analyse the performance information (Navalta 2012, pp. 3). Additionally, variance reports are the effective method for quality control system, adding another layer of data for the assessment of management. This method presents the difference in values between the actual and desired outcome. Project dashboards also enable the project team to capture the snapshot of the project status information (Bigelow 2004, pp. 24). The dashboard method can also be used to track the changes that can be made by modifying key decisions Problems Several problems can arise during the course of any project (Schwalbe 2000, p.326). An appreciation of the potential for these obstacles will create a system with the capacity to adapt as these bumps in development occur. If not properly addressed development issues have the potential to skew an entire project (Schwalbe 2000, p. 326). The two most common problems in Health IT project management are the inability of the team to start the project on time and slow communication with the stakeholders (Stoudt 2013, p. 68). The inability of the team to start or of their slow production during the project has many potential remedies.   Additional oversight will provide incentive for the staff to implement regular deadlines (Stoudt 2013, p. 68). The creation of incentives based on results often provides a financial means to increase production. Additionally, the potential to long term professional benefits adds a positive component that aids in team performance (Schwalbe 2000, p. 326). The lack of communication with the key stakeholders can lead to the termination of the entire project (Stoudt 2013, p. 68). Since a continuous channel of communication is essential to maintain trust and financial security, this issue must be addressed aggressively. An implementation of a stakeholder’s communications plan from the outset will alleviate many issues (Schwalbe 2000, p. 326). The creation and production of reports that can be given to the key stakeholders is another method of keeping this vital bloc informed at every level. Conclusion The modern era of business precludes the options of a shoddy or poorly designed project. This proposed endeavour has the potential to provide an efficient and comprehensive solution to many pressing issues by implementing IT systems in Health Care services (Schwalbe 2000, p. 326). This study has presented evidence that illustrates the need to communicate and manage every step during a project which is a   process that is based on communication, teamwork and reliable action (Schwalbe 2000, p. 326). This strategy includes a clear definition, and continuously open channel of communication to the key stakeholders involved, in order to ensure quality. In the end, it is the combination of the leadership, personnel and planning coupled with effective implementation that will determine the success or failure of project. 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